Supporting network transmissions using broadcast sidelink communications

ABSTRACT

This disclosure provides systems, methods and apparatuses for supporting network transmissions using unicast sidelink communications. A base station (BS) may transmit a set of encoded packets to a number of user equipment (UEs) and receive feedback messages from the UEs that indicate sets of decoded packets. Based on the feedback messages, the BS may transmit an updated set of encoded packets based on a difference between the set of encoded packets and the union of decoded packets. The BS may transmit an instruction to a first UE to transmit a broadcast sidelink communication that includes a set of missed packets that includes one or more decoded packets that were decoded by the first UE but were not decoded by the second UE. The first UE may transmit the broadcast sidelink communication to the second UE.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This Patent Application claims priority to U.S. Provisional PatentApplication No. 63/037,556, filed on Jun. 10, 2020, entitled “SUPPORTINGNETWORK TRANSMISSIONS USING BROADCAST SIDELINK COMMUNICATIONS,” and U.S.Provisional Patent Application No. 63/037,545, filed on Jun. 10, 2020,entitled “SUPPORTING NETWORK TRANSMISSIONS USING UNICAST SIDELINKCOMMUNICATIONS,” each of which is assigned to the assignee hereof. Thedisclosures of the prior Applications are considered part of and areincorporated by reference into this Patent Application.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Aspects of the present disclosure relate generally to wirelesscommunication and to techniques for supporting network transmissionsusing broadcast sidelink communications.

DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED TECHNOLOGY

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide varioustelecommunication services such as telephony, video, data, messaging,and broadcasts. Typical wireless communication systems may employmultiple-access technologies capable of supporting communication withmultiple users by sharing available system resources (for example,bandwidth, transmit power, etc.). Examples of such multiple-accesstechnologies include code division multiple access (CDMA) systems, timedivision multiple access (TDMA) systems, frequency-division multipleaccess (FDMA) systems, orthogonal frequency-division multiple access(OFDMA) systems, single-carrier frequency-division multiple access(SC-FDMA) systems, time division synchronous code division multipleaccess (TD-SCDMA) systems, and Long Term Evolution (LTE).LTE/LTE-Advanced is a set of enhancements to the Universal MobileTelecommunications System (UMTS) mobile standard promulgated by theThird Generation Partnership Project (3GPP).

A wireless network may include a number of base stations (BSs) that cansupport communication for a number of user equipment (UEs). A UE maycommunicate with a base station (BS) via the downlink (DL) and uplink(UL). The DL (or forward link) refers to the communication link from theBS to the UE, and the UL (or reverse link) refers to the communicationlink from the UE to the BS. As will be described in more detail herein,a BS may be referred to as a NodeB, an LTE evolved nodeB (eNB), a gNB,an access point (AP), a radio head, a transmit receive point (TRP), aNew Radio (NR) BS, or a 5G NodeB.

The above multiple access technologies have been adopted in varioustelecommunication standards to provide a common protocol that enablesdifferent UEs to communicate on a municipal, national, regional, andeven global level. NR, which also may be referred to as 5G, is a set ofenhancements to the LTE mobile standard promulgated by the 3GPP. NR isdesigned to better support mobile broadband Internet access by improvingspectral efficiency, lowering costs, improving services, making use ofnew spectrum, and better integrating with other open standards usingorthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) with a cyclic prefix(CP) (CP-OFDM) on the DL, using CP-OFDM or SC-FDM (for example, alsoknown as discrete Fourier transform spread OFDM (DFT-s-OFDM)) on the UL(or a combination thereof), as well as supporting beamforming,multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna technology, and carrieraggregation.

SUMMARY

The systems, methods, and devices of this disclosure each have severalinnovative aspects, no single one of which is solely responsible for thedesirable attributes disclosed herein.

One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosurecan be implemented in a method of wireless communication performed by anapparatus of a user equipment (UE). The method may include receiving,from a base station (BS), a set of encoded packets. The method mayinclude transmitting, to the BS, a feedback message that indicates a setof decoded packets. The method may include receiving, from the BS, aninstruction to transmit a broadcast sidelink communication including aset of missed packets, where the set of missed packets includes one ormore decoded packets of the set of decoded packets.

In some implementations, the method can include transmitting thebroadcast sidelink communication. In some implementations, the methodcan include receiving, from the BS, an updated set of encoded packetsbased on the feedback message. In some implementations, the method caninclude decoding the set of encoded packets using a decoding functioncorresponding to an encoding function used to generate the set ofencoded packets; and decoding the updated set of encoded packets usingthe decoding function. In some implementations, the encoding functioncan include a random matrix and the method can include receiving anindication of the random matrix from the BS. In some implementations,the method can include transmitting, to the BS, an additional feedbackmessage, where the additional feedback message indicates a second set ofdecoded packets including a subset of the updated set of encodedpackets.

In some implementations, the method can include receiving, from the BS,a network coding configuration including a set of network codingparameters. In some implementations, the set of network codingparameters can indicate at least one of: a network coding algorithm, anencoding function, an encoding matrix, a maximum number of decodingiterations, or a combination thereof.

In some implementations, the method can include determining that aperformance of the UE associated with the set of network codingparameters satisfies an underperformance threshold; and transmitting, tothe BS, a network coding parameter change request based on determiningthat the performance of the UE satisfies the underperformance threshold.In some implementations, the method can include receiving an additionalset of network coding parameters from the BS based on the network codingparameter change request. Another innovative aspect of the subjectmatter described in this disclosure can be implemented in an apparatusof a UE for wireless communication. The apparatus may include a firstinterface configured to obtain from a base station a set of encodedpackets; and an instruction to transmit a broadcast sidelinkcommunication including a set of missed packets, where the set of missedpackets includes one or more decoded packets of the set of decodedpackets. The apparatus may include a second interface configured tooutput to the BS, a feedback message that indicates a set of decodedpackets.

In some implementations, the feedback message includes a dedicateddecoding feedback message, or a combination thereof. In someimplementations, the dedicated decoding feedback message can include anetwork coding sub-layer report.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readablemedium. The non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one ormore instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to receive, from a BS, a set of encodedpackets; transmit, to the BS, a feedback message that indicates a set ofdecoded packets; and receive, from the BS, an instruction to transmit abroadcast sidelink communication including a set of missed packets,where the set of missed packets includes one or more decoded packets ofthe set of decoded packets. In some aspects, the non-transitorycomputer-readable medium may perform or implement any one or more of theaspects described in connection with the method, above or elsewhereherein.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wirelesscommunication. The apparatus may include means for means for receiving,from a BS, a set of encoded packets; means for transmitting, to the BS,a feedback message that indicates a set of decoded packets; and meansfor receiving, from the BS, an instruction to transmit a broadcastsidelink communication including a set of missed packets to a secondapparatus, where the set of missed packets includes one or more decodedpackets of the set of decoded packets. In some aspects, the apparatusmay perform or implement any one or more of the aspects described inconnection with the method, above or elsewhere herein.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in a method of wireless communicationperformed by an apparatus of a UE. The method may include receiving,from a BS, a set of encoded packets. The method may includetransmitting, to the BS, a feedback message that indicates a first setof decoded packets. The method may include receiving a broadcastsidelink communication including a set of missed packets, where the setof missed packets includes one or more decoded packets of a second setof decoded packets that are not included in the first set of decodedpackets.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in an apparatus of a UE for wirelesscommunication. The apparatus may include a first interface configured toobtain a set of encoded packets from a base station; and a broadcastsidelink communication including a set of missed packets, where the setof missed packets includes one or more decoded packets of a second setof decoded packets that are not included in the first set of decodedpackets. The apparatus may include a second interface configured tooutput a feedback message that indicates a first set of decoded packets.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readablemedium. The non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one ormore instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a UE, may causethe one or more processors to receive, from a BS, a set of encodedpackets; transmit, to the BS, a feedback message that indicates a firstset of decoded packets; receive a broadcast sidelink communicationincluding a set of missed packets, where the set of missed packetsincludes one or more decoded packets of a second set of decoded packetsthat are not included in the first set of decoded packets. In someaspects, the non-transitory computer-readable medium may perform orimplement any one or more of the aspects described in connection withthe method, above or elsewhere herein.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wirelesscommunication. The apparatus may include means for means for receiving,from a BS, a set of encoded packets; means for transmitting, to the BS,a feedback message that indicates a first set of decoded packets; meansfor receiving a broadcast sidelink communication including a set ofmissed packets, where the set of missed packets includes one or moredecoded packets of a second set of decoded packets that are not includedin the first set of decoded packets. In some aspects, the apparatus mayperform or implement any one or more of the aspects described inconnection with the method, above or elsewhere herein.

One innovative aspect of the subject matter described in this disclosurecan be implemented in a method of wireless communication performed by anapparatus of a BS. The method may include transmitting, to a pluralityof UEs, a set of encoded packets. The method may include receiving aplurality of feedback messages from the plurality of UEs, the pluralityof feedback messages including: a first feedback message, received froma first UE, that indicates a first set of decoded packets including afirst subset of the set of encoded packets, a second feedback message,received from a second UE, that indicates a second set of decodedpackets including a second subset of the set of encoded packets, andtransmitting, to the first UE, an instruction to transmit a broadcastsidelink communication including a set of missed packets, where the setof missed packets includes one or more decoded packets of the first setof decoded packets that are not included in the second set of decodedpackets.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in an apparatus of a BS for wirelesscommunication. The apparatus may include a first interface configured toobtain a plurality of feedback messages from a plurality of UEs, theplurality of feedback messages including: a first feedback message,received from a first UE, that indicates a first set of decoded packetsincluding a first subset of a set of encoded packets, a second feedbackmessage, received from a second UE, that indicates a second set ofdecoded packets including a second subset of the set of encoded packets.The apparatus may include a second interface configured to output theset of encoded packets; an instruction, to the first UE, to transmit abroadcast sidelink communication including a set of missed packets,where the set of missed packets includes one or more decoded packets ofthe first set of decoded packets that are not included in the second setof decoded packets.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in a non-transitory computer-readablemedium. The non-transitory computer-readable medium may store one ormore instructions for wireless communication. The one or moreinstructions, when executed by one or more processors of a BS, may causethe one or more processors to transmit, to a plurality of UEs, a set ofencoded packets; receive a plurality of feedback messages from theplurality of UEs, the plurality of feedback messages including: a firstfeedback message, received from a first UE, that indicates a first setof decoded packets including a first subset of the set of encodedpackets, a second feedback message, received from a second UE, thatindicates a second set of decoded packets including a second subset ofthe set of encoded packets, and transmit, to the first UE, aninstruction to transmit a broadcast sidelink communication including aset of missed packets, where the set of missed packets includes one ormore decoded packets of the first set of decoded packets that are notincluded in the second set of decoded packets. In some aspects, thenon-transitory computer-readable medium may perform or implement any oneor more of the aspects described in connection with the method, above orelsewhere herein.

Another innovative aspect of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented in an apparatus for wirelesscommunication. The apparatus may include means for means fortransmitting, to a plurality of UEs, a set of encoded packets; means forreceiving a plurality of feedback messages from the plurality of UEs,the plurality of feedback messages including: a first feedback message,received from a first UE, that indicates a first set of decoded packetsincluding a first subset of the set of encoded packets, a secondfeedback message, received from a second UE, that indicates a second setof decoded packets including a second subset of the set of encodedpackets, and means for transmitting, to the first UE, an instruction totransmit a broadcast sidelink communication including a set of missedpackets to the second UE, where the set of missed packets includes oneor more decoded packets of the first set of decoded packets that are notincluded in the second set of decoded packets. In some aspects, theapparatus may perform or implement any one or more of the aspectsdescribed in connection with the method, above or elsewhere herein.

Aspects generally include a method, apparatus, system, computer programproduct, non-transitory computer-readable medium, user equipment, basestation, wireless communication device, or processing system assubstantially described herein with reference to and as illustrated bythe accompanying drawings.

Details of one or more implementations of the subject matter describedin this disclosure are set forth in the accompanying drawings and thedescription below. Other features, aspects, and advantages will becomeapparent from the description, the drawings and the claims. Note thatthe relative dimensions of the following figures may not be drawn toscale.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a base station (BS) incommunication with a user equipment (UE) in a wireless network.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of sidelink communications.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example associated with sidelinkcommunications and access link communications.

FIGS. 5 and 6 are diagrams illustrating example call flows associatedwith supporting network transmissions using broadcast sidelinkcommunications.

FIGS. 7 and 8 are diagrams illustrating example processes performed, forexample, by a UE.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process performed, forexample, by a BS.

Like reference numbers and designations in the various drawings indicatelike elements.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description is directed to certain implementations for thepurposes of describing the innovative aspects of this disclosure.However, a person having ordinary skill in the art will readilyrecognize that the teachings herein can be applied in a multitude ofdifferent ways. Some of the examples in this disclosure are based onwireless and wired local area network (LAN) communication according tothe Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11wireless standards, the IEEE 802.3 Ethernet standards, and the IEEE 1901Powerline communication (PLC) standards. However, the describedimplementations may be implemented in any device, system or network thatis capable of transmitting and receiving radio frequency signalsaccording to any of the wireless communication standards, including anyof the IEEE 802.11 standards, the Bluetooth® standard, code divisionmultiple access (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), timedivision multiple access (TDMA), Global System for Mobile communications(GSM), GSM/General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Enhanced Data GSMEnvironment (EDGE), Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA), Wideband-CDMA(W-CDMA), Evolution Data Optimized (EV-DO), 1xEV-DO, EV-DO Rev A, EV-DORev B, High Speed Packet Access (HSPA), High Speed Downlink PacketAccess (HSDPA), High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA), Evolved HighSpeed Packet Access (HSPA+), Long Term Evolution (LTE), AMPS, or otherknown signals that are used to communicate within a wireless, cellularor internet of things (IOT) network, such as a system utilizing 3G, 4Gor 5G, or further implementations thereof, technology.

In a wireless network, a base station (BS) may communicate with multipledevices, such as various user equipment (UEs). In some cases, a BS maytransmit a set of data packets to the UEs by using a network encodingfunction to encode portions of the set of data packets and broadcast theencoded packets to the UEs. However, the network encoding function mayselect data packets at random to encode and some of the UEs may notreceive or decode each of the transmitted packets in each transmission.To increase delivery of the data packets to the UEs, the BS may encodeand transmit portions of the set of data packets many times and, in somecases, an unlimited number of times. As a result, the BS or UEs mayconsume unnecessary power and generate unnecessary communication traffichandling the repetitive transmissions.

Some aspects described herein provide techniques and apparatuses forsidelink supported network transmission. In some aspects, a BS maytransmit a set of encoded packets to a number of UEs and receivefeedback messages from the UEs. A feedback message from a UE mayindicate a set of decoded packets. Based on the feedback message(s), theBS may determine a group of decoded packets, including the packets thathave been decoded by at least one of the UEs. The BS may transmit anupdated set of encoded packets based on a difference between a packetpool used to generate the set of encoded packets and the group ofdecoded packets. In some aspects, the BS may transmit an instruction toa first UE to transmit a sidelink communication to a second UE thatincludes a set of missed packets. The set of missed packets may includea subset of the set of encoded packets that was decoded by the first UEbut not by the second UE. In some aspects, the sidelink communicationmay be a unicast communication or a broadcast communication.

Particular implementations of the subject matter described in thisdisclosure can be implemented to realize one or more of the followingpotential advantages. For example, aspects described may facilitateusing broadcast sidelink transmissions to proliferate communicationsfrom a BS to UEs that did not receive or decode the communications fromthe BS. Additionally, aspects described herein may facilitatetransmitting a portion of a set of encoded packets to UEs, updating theset of encoded packets based on feedback from the UEs indicating whichof the transmitted packets were decoded by at least one of the UEs, andtransmitting a portion of the updated set of encoded packets to the UEs.Aspects described herein may facilitate instructing UEs to transmit,using sidelink communications, decoded packets to other UEs that did notdecode those packets. In this way, rather than retransmitting missedpackets from a BS to the UEs, aspects may facilitate using sidelinkcommunications to propagate missed packets to UEs. As a result, aspectsdescribed herein may potentially reduce power consumption, latency, andnetwork traffic between a BS and UEs. Aspects described herein also maypotentially save wireless resources and increase bandwidth efficiency.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a wireless network 100.The wireless network 100 may be or may include elements of a 5G NewRadio (NR) network, an LTE network, or another type of network. Thewireless network 100 may include one or more base stations 110 (shown asBS 110 a, BS 110 b, BS 110 c, and BS 110 d) and other network entities.A base station (BS) is an entity that communicates with user equipment(UEs) and also may be referred to as an NR BS, a Node B, a gNB, a 5Gnode B (NB), an access point, or a transmit receive point (TRP). Each BSmay provide communication coverage for a particular geographic area. In3GPP, the term “cell” can refer to a coverage area of a BS, a BSsubsystem serving this coverage area, or a combination thereof,depending on the context in which the term is used. In some aspects, aBS may include multiple constituent parts. For example, a BS may includea disaggregated random access network (RAN) or Open RAN (O-RAN) BS thatmay include a number of physical devices distributed across a number oflocations. The multiple devices may facilitate distributed resourceallocations for supporting access link communications or sidelinkcommunications, among other examples.

A BS may provide communication coverage for a macro cell, a pico cell, afemto cell, another type of cell, or a combination thereof. A macro cellmay cover a relatively large geographic area (for example, severalkilometers in radius) and may allow unrestricted access by UEs withservice subscription. A pico cell may cover a relatively smallgeographic area and may allow unrestricted access by UEs with servicesubscription. A femto cell may cover a relatively small geographic area(for example, a home) and may allow restricted access by UEs havingassociation with the femto cell (for example, UEs in a closed subscribergroup (CSG)). A BS for a macro cell may be referred to as a macro BS. ABS for a pico cell may be referred to as a pico BS. A BS for a femtocell may be referred to as a femto BS or a home BS. In the example shownin FIG. 1, a BS 110 a may be a macro BS for a macro cell 102 a, a BS 110b may be a pico BS for a pico cell 102 b, and a BS 110 c may be a femtoBS for a femto cell 102 c. A BS may support one or multiple (forexample, three) cells. The terms “eNB”, “base station”, “NR BS”, “gNB”,“TRP”, “AP”, “node B”, “5G NB”, and “cell” may be used interchangeablyherein.

In some examples, a cell may not necessarily be stationary, and thegeographic area of the cell may move according to the location of amobile BS. In some examples, the BSs may be interconnected to oneanother as well as to one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown)in the wireless network 100 through various types of backhaulinterfaces, such as a direct physical connection, a virtual network, ora combination thereof, using any suitable transport network.

The wireless network 100 may include relay stations. A relay station isan entity that can receive a transmission of data from an upstreamstation (for example, a BS or a UE) and send a transmission of the datato a downstream station (for example, a UE or a BS). A relay stationalso may be a UE that can relay transmissions for other UEs. In theexample shown in FIG. 1, a relay station 110 d may communicate with amacro BS 110 a and a UE 120 d in order to facilitate communicationbetween the macro BS 110 a and the UE 120 d. A relay station also may bereferred to as a relay BS, a relay base station, a relay, etc.

The wireless network 100 may be a heterogeneous network that includesBSs of different types, such as macro BSs, pico BSs, femto BSs, or relayBSs, etc. These different types of BSs may have different transmit powerlevels, different coverage areas, and different impacts on interferencein the wireless network 100. For example, macro BSs may have a hightransmit power level (for example, 5 to 40 watts) whereas pico BSs,femto BSs, and relay BSs may have lower transmit power levels (forexample, 0.1 to 2 watts).

A network controller 130 may couple to a set of BSs and may providecoordination and control for these BSs. The network controller 130 maycommunicate with the BSs via a backhaul. The BSs also may communicatewith one another, for example, directly or indirectly via a wireless orwireline backhaul.

Multiple UEs 120 (for example, a UE 120 a, a UE 120 b, a UE 120 c, etc.)may be dispersed throughout the wireless network 100, and each UE may bestationary or mobile. A UE also may be referred to as an accessterminal, a terminal, a mobile station, a subscriber unit, a station,etc. A UE may be a cellular phone (for example, a smart phone), apersonal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a wirelesscommunication device, a handheld device, a laptop computer, a cordlessphone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a tablet, a camera, a gamingdevice, a netbook, a smartbook, an ultrabook, a medical device orequipment, biometric sensors/devices, wearable devices (smart watches,smart clothing, smart glasses, smart wrist bands, smart jewelry (forexample, smart ring, smart bracelet)), an entertainment device (forexample, a music or video device, or a satellite radio), a vehicularcomponent or sensor, smart meters/sensors, industrial manufacturingequipment, a global positioning system device, or any other suitabledevice that is configured to communicate via a wireless or wired medium.

Some UEs may be considered machine-type communication (MTC) or evolvedor enhanced machine-type communication (eMTC) UEs. MTC and eMTC UEsinclude, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters,monitors, or location tags, that may communicate with a base station,another device (for example, remote device), or some other entity. Awireless node may provide, for example, connectivity for or to a network(for example, a wide area network such as Internet or a cellularnetwork) via a wired or wireless communication link. Some UEs may beconsidered Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices or may be implemented asNB-IoT (narrowband internet of things) devices. Some UEs may beconsidered a Customer Premises Equipment (CPE). A UE 120 may be includedinside a housing that houses components of the UE 120, such as processorcomponents, memory components, or other components. In some examples,the processor components and the memory components may be coupledtogether. For example, the processor components (for example, one ormore processors) and the memory components (for example, a memory) maybe operatively coupled, communicatively coupled, electronically coupled,or electrically coupled, among other examples.

In general, any number of wireless networks may be deployed in a givengeographic area. Each wireless network may support a particular RAT andmay operate on one or more frequencies. A RAT also may be referred to asa radio technology, an air interface, etc. A frequency also may bereferred to as a carrier, a frequency channel, etc. Each frequency maysupport a single RAT in a given geographic area in order to avoidinterference between wireless networks of different RATs. In some cases,NR or 5G RAT networks may be deployed.

In some aspects, two or more UEs 120 (for example, shown as a UE 120 aand a UE 120 e) may communicate directly using one or more sidelinkchannels (for example, without using a BS 110 as an intermediary tocommunicate with one another). For example, the UEs 120 may communicateusing peer-to-peer (P2P) communications, device-to-device (D2D)communications, a vehicle-to-everything (V2X) protocol (which mayinclude a vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) protocol, a vehicle-to-infrastructure(V2I) protocol, or a similar protocol), or a mesh network. In suchexamples, the UE 120 may perform scheduling operations, resourceselection operations, as well as other operations described elsewhereherein as being performed by the BS 110.

Devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using theelectromagnetic spectrum, which may be subdivided based on frequency orwavelength into various classes, bands, or channels. For example,devices of the wireless network 100 may communicate using an operatingband having a first frequency range (FR1), which may span from 410 MHzto 7.125 GHz. As another example, devices of the wireless network 100may communicate using an operating band having a second frequency range(FR2), which may span from 24.25 GHz to 52.6 GHz. The frequenciesbetween FR1 and FR2 are sometimes referred to as mid-band frequencies.Although a portion of FR1 is greater than 6 GHz, FR1 is often referredto as a “sub-6 GHz” band. Similarly, FR2 is often referred to as a“millimeter wave” band despite being different from the extremely highfrequency (EHF) band (30 GHz-300 GHz) which is identified by theInternational Telecommunications Union (ITU) as a “millimeter wave”band. Thus, unless specifically stated otherwise, it should beunderstood that the term “sub-6 GHz” may broadly represent frequenciesless than 6 GHz, frequencies within FR1, mid-band frequencies (forexample, greater than 7.125 GHz), or a combination thereof. Similarly,unless specifically stated otherwise, it should be understood that theterm “millimeter wave” may broadly represent frequencies within the EHFband, frequencies within FR2, mid-band frequencies (for example, lessthan 24.25 GHz), or a combination thereof. It is contemplated that thefrequencies included in FR1 and FR2 may be modified, and techniquesdescribed herein are applicable to those modified frequency ranges.

FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example 200 of a BS 110 incommunication with a UE 120 in a wireless network 100. The BS 110 may beequipped with T antennas 234 a through 234 t, and the UE 120 may beequipped with R antennas 252 a through 252 r, where in general T>1 andR>1.

At the BS 110, a transmit processor 220 may receive data from a datasource 212 for one or more UEs, select one or more modulation and codingschemes (MCS) for each UE based on channel quality indicators (CQIs)received from the UE, process (for example, encode and modulate) thedata for each UE based on the MCS(s) selected for the UE, and providedata symbols for all UEs. The transmit processor 220 also may processsystem information (for example, for semi-static resource partitioninginformation) and control information (for example, CQI requests, grants,or upper layer signaling) and provide overhead symbols and controlsymbols. The transmit processor 220 also may generate reference symbolsfor reference signals (for example, a cell-specific reference signal(CRS) or a demodulation reference signal (DMRS)) and synchronizationsignals (for example, a primary synchronization signal (PSS) or asecondary synchronization signal (SSS)). A transmit (TX) multiple-inputmultiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (forexample, precoding) on the data symbols, the control symbols, theoverhead symbols, or the reference symbols, if applicable, and mayprovide T output symbol streams to T modulators (MODs) 232 a through 232t. Each modulator 232 may process a respective output symbol stream (forexample, for OFDM) to obtain an output sample stream. Each modulator 232may further process (for example, convert to analog, amplify, filter,and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Tdownlink signals from the modulators 232 a through 232 t may betransmitted via T antennas 234 a through 234 t, respectively.

At the UE 120, the antennas 252 a through 252 r may receive the downlinksignals from the BS 110 or other BSs and may provide received signals tothe demodulators (DEMODs) 254 a through 254 r, respectively. Eachdemodulator 254 may condition (for example, filter, amplify,downconvert, and digitize) a received signal to obtain input samples.Each demodulator 254 may further process the input samples (for example,for OFDM) to obtain received symbols. A MIMO detector 256 may obtainreceived symbols from all R demodulators 254 a through 254 r, performMIMO detection on the received symbols if applicable, and providedetected symbols. A receive processor 258 may process (for example,demodulate and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoded data forthe UE 120 to a data sink 260, and provide decoded control informationand system information to a controller/processor 280. The term“controller/processor” may refer to one or more controllers, one or moreprocessors, or a combination thereof. A channel processor may determinea reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter, a received signalstrength indicator (RSSI) parameter, a reference signal received quality(RSRQ) parameter, or a CQI parameter, among other examples. In someaspects, one or more components of the UE 120 may be included in ahousing.

The network controller 130 may include a communication unit 294, acontroller/processor 290, and a memory 292. The network controller 130may include, for example, one or more devices in a core network. Thenetwork controller 130 may communicate with the BS 110 via thecommunication unit 294.

Antennas (such as antennas 234 a through 234 t and/or antennas 252 athrough 252 r) may include, or may be included within, one or moreantenna panels, antenna groups, sets of antenna elements, or antennaarrays, among other examples. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a setof antenna elements, or an antenna array may include one or more antennaelements. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antenna elements,or an antenna array may include a set of coplanar antenna elements or aset of non-coplanar antenna elements. An antenna panel, an antennagroup, a set of antenna elements, or an antenna array may includeantenna elements within a single housing or antenna elements withinmultiple housings. An antenna panel, an antenna group, a set of antennaelements, or an antenna array may include one or more antenna elementscoupled to one or more transmission or reception components, such as oneor more components of FIG. 2.

On the uplink, at the UE 120, a transmit processor 264 may receive andprocess data from a data source 262 and control information (forexample, for reports including RSRP, RSSI, RSRQ, or CQI) from acontroller/processor 280. The transmit processor 264 also may generatereference symbols for one or more reference signals. The symbols fromthe transmit processor 264 may be precoded by a TX MIMO processor 266 ifapplicable, further processed by the modulators 254 a through 254 r (forexample, for DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM) and transmitted to the BS 110. Insome aspects, a modulator and a demodulator (for example, MOD/DEMOD 254)of the UE 120 may be included in a modem of the UE 120. In some aspects,the UE 120 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include anycombination of the antenna(s) 252, the modulators 254, the demodulators254, the MIMO detector 256, the receive processor 258, the transmitprocessor 264, or the TX MIMO processor 266. The transceiver may be usedby a processor (for example, the controller/processor 280) and thememory 282 to perform aspects of any of the processes described herein.

At the BS 110, the uplink signals from the UE 120 and other UEs may bereceived by the antennas 234, processed by the demodulators 232,detected by a MIMO detector 236 if applicable, and further processed bya receive processor 238 to obtain decoded data and control informationsent by the UE 120. The receive processor 238 may provide the decodeddata to a data sink 239 and the decoded control information to acontroller/processor 240. The BS 110 may include a communication unit244 and may communicate with the network controller 130 via thecommunication unit 244. The BS 110 may include a scheduler 246 toschedule one or more UEs 120 for downlink communications, uplinkcommunications, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, a modulatorand a demodulator (for example, MOD/DEMOD 232) of the base station 110may be included in a modem of the base station 110. In some aspects, thebase station 110 includes a transceiver. The transceiver may include anycombination of the antenna(s) 234, the modulators 232, the demodulators232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238, the transmitprocessor 220, or the TX MIMO processor 230. The transceiver may be usedby a processor (for example, the controller/processor 240) and a memory242 to perform aspects of any of the processes described herein.

In some implementations, the controller/processor 280 may be a componentof a processing system. A processing system may generally refer to asystem or series of machines or components that receives inputs andprocesses the inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed toother systems or components of, for example, the UE 120). For example, aprocessing system of the UE 120 may refer to a system including thevarious other components or subcomponents of the UE 120.

The processing system of the UE 120 may interface with other componentsof the UE 120, and may process information received from othercomponents (such as inputs or signals), output information to othercomponents, etc. For example, a chip or modem of the UE 120 may includea processing system, a first interface to receive or obtain information,and a second interface to output, transmit or provide information. Insome cases, the first interface may refer to an interface between theprocessing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, such that the UE120 may receive information or signal inputs, and the information may bepassed to the processing system. In some cases, the second interface mayrefer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modemand a transmitter, such that the UE 120 may transmit information outputfrom the chip or modem. A person having ordinary skill in the art willreadily recognize that the second interface also may obtain or receiveinformation or signal inputs, and the first interface also may output,transmit or provide information.

In some implementations, the controller/processor 240 may be a componentof a processing system. A processing system may generally refer to asystem or series of machines or components that receives inputs andprocesses the inputs to produce a set of outputs (which may be passed toother systems or components of, for example, the base station 110). Forexample, a processing system of the BS 110 may refer to a systemincluding the various other components or subcomponents of the BS 110.

The processing system of the BS 110 may interface with other componentsof the BS 110, and may process information received from othercomponents (such as inputs or signals), output information to othercomponents, etc. For example, a chip or modem of the BS 110 may includea processing system, a first interface to receive or obtain information,and a second interface to output, transmit or provide information. Insome cases, the first interface may refer to an interface between theprocessing system of the chip or modem and a receiver, such that the BS110 may receive information or signal inputs, and the information may bepassed to the processing system. In some cases, the second interface mayrefer to an interface between the processing system of the chip or modemand a transmitter, such that the BS 110 may transmit information outputfrom the chip or modem. A person having ordinary skill in the art willreadily recognize that the second interface also may obtain or receiveinformation or signal inputs, and the first interface also may output,transmit or provide information.

The controller/processor 240 of the BS 110, the controller/processor 280of the UE 120, or any other component(s) of FIG. 2 may perform one ormore techniques associated with supporting network transmissions usingbroadcast sidelink communications, as described in more detail elsewhereherein. For example, the controller/processor 240 of the BS 110, thecontroller/processor 280 of the UE 120, or any other component(s) (orcombinations of components) of FIG. 2 may perform or direct operationsof, for example, process 700 of FIG. 7, process 800 of FIG. 8, process900 of FIG. 9, or other processes as described herein. The memory 242and the memory 282 may store data and program codes for the BS 110 andthe UE 120, respectively. In some aspects, the memory 242 and the memory282 may include a non-transitory computer-readable medium storing one ormore instructions (for example, code or program code) for wirelesscommunication. For example, the one or more instructions, when executed(for example, directly, or after compiling, converting, or interpreting)by one or more processors of the BS 110 or the UE 120, may cause the oneor more processors, the UE 120, or the BS 110 to perform or directoperations of, for example, process 700 of FIG. 7, process 800 of FIG.8, process 900 of FIG. 9, or other processes as described herein.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may include means for receiving, from a BS,a set of encoded packets, means for transmitting, to the BS, a feedbackmessage that indicates a set of decoded packets, means for receiving,from the base station, an instruction to transmit a broadcast sidelinkcommunication including a set of missed packets, where the set of missedpackets includes one or more decoded packets of the set of decodedpackets, among other examples, or combinations thereof. In some aspects,such means may include one or more components of the UE 120 described inconnection with FIG. 2, such as the controller/processor 280, thetransmit processor 264, the TX MIMO processor 266, the MOD 254, one ormore antennas 252, the DEMOD 254, the MIMO detector 256, or the receiveprocessor 258.

In some aspects, the UE 120 may include means for receiving, from a BS,a set of encoded packets, means for transmitting, to the BS, a feedbackmessage that indicates a first set of decoded packets, means forreceiving a broadcast sidelink communication including a set of missedpackets, where the set of missed packets includes one or more decodedpackets of a second set of decoded packets that are not included in thefirst set of decoded packets, among other examples, or combinationsthereof. In some aspects, such means may include one or more componentsof the UE 120 described in connection with FIG. 2, such as thecontroller/processor 280, the transmit processor 264, the TX MIMOprocessor 266, the MOD 254, one or more antennas 252, the DEMOD 254, theMIMO detector 256, or the receive processor 258.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may include means for transmitting, to aplurality of UEs, a set of encoded packets, means for receiving aplurality of feedback messages from the plurality of UEs, the pluralityof feedback messages including: a first feedback message, received froma first UE, that indicates a first set of decoded packets including afirst subset of the set of encoded packets, a second feedback message,received from a second UE, that indicates a second set of decodedpackets including a second subset of the set of encoded packets, meansfor transmitting, to the first UE, an instruction to transmit abroadcast sidelink communication including a set of missed packets,where the set of missed packets includes one or more decoded packets ofthe first set of decoded packets that are not included in the second setof decoded packets, among other examples, or combinations thereof. Insome aspects, such means may include one or more components of the BS110 described in connection with FIG. 2, such as one or more antennas234, the DEMOD 232, the MIMO detector 236, the receive processor 238,the controller/processor 240, the transmit processor 220, the TX MIMOprocessor 230, the MOD 232, or the antenna 234, among other examples.

While blocks in FIG. 2 are illustrated as distinct components, thefunctions described above with respect to the blocks may be implementedin a single hardware, software, or combination component or in variouscombinations of components. For example, the functions described withrespect to the transmit processor 264, the receive processor 258, the TXMIMO processor 266, or another processor may be performed by or underthe control of the controller/processor 280.

FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example 300 of sidelinkcommunications.

As shown in FIG. 3, a first UE 305-1 may communicate with a second UE305-2 (and one or more other UEs 305) via one or more sidelink channels310. The UEs 305-1 and 305-2 may communicate using the one or moresidelink channels 310 for P2P communications, D2D communications, V2Xcommunications (for example, which may include V2V communications, V2Icommunications, or V2P communications), or mesh networking. In someaspects, the UEs 305 (for example, UE 305-1 or UE 305-2) may correspondto one or more other UEs described elsewhere herein, such as UE 120. Insome aspects, the one or more sidelink channels 310 may use a PC5interface or may operate in a high frequency band (for example, the 5.9GHz band). Additionally, or alternatively, the UEs 305 may synchronizetiming of transmission time intervals (TTIs) (for example, frames,subframes, slots, or symbols) using global navigation satellite system(GNSS) timing.

As further shown in FIG. 3, the one or more sidelink channels 310 mayinclude a physical sidelink control channel (PSCCH) 315, a physicalsidelink shared channel (PSSCH) 320, or a physical sidelink feedbackchannel (PSFCH) 325. The PSCCH 315 may be used to communicate controlinformation, similar to a physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) or aphysical uplink control channel (PUCCH) used for cellular communicationswith a base station 110 via an access link or an access channel. ThePSSCH 320 may be used to communicate data, similar to a physicaldownlink shared channel (PDSCH) or a physical uplink shared channel(PUSCH) used for cellular communications with a base station 110 via anaccess link or an access channel. For example, the PSCCH 315 may carrysidelink control information (SCI) 330, which may indicate variouscontrol information used for sidelink communications, such as one ormore resources (for example, time resources, frequency resources, orspatial resources) where a transport block (TB) 335 may be carried onthe PSSCH 320. The TB 335 may include data. The PSFCH 325 may be used tocommunicate sidelink feedback 340, such as hybrid automatic repeatrequest (HARD) feedback (for example, acknowledgment or negativeacknowledgment (ACK/NACK) information), transmit power control (TPC), ora scheduling request (SR).

In some aspects, the one or more sidelink channels 310 may use resourcepools. For example, a scheduling assignment (for example, included inSCI 330) may be transmitted in sub-channels using specific resourceblocks (RBs) across time. In some aspects, data transmissions (forexample, on the PSSCH 320) associated with a scheduling assignment mayoccupy adjacent RBs in the same subframe as the scheduling assignment(for example, using frequency division multiplexing). In some aspects, ascheduling assignment and associated data transmissions are nottransmitted on adjacent RBs.

In some aspects, a UE 305 may operate using a transmission mode whereresource selection or scheduling is performed by the UE 305 (forexample, rather than a BS 110). In some aspects, the UE 305 may performresource selection or scheduling by sensing channel availability fortransmissions. For example, the UE 305 may measure a received signalstrength indicator (RSSI) parameter (for example, a sidelink-RSSI(S-RSSI) parameter) associated with various sidelink channels, maymeasure a reference signal received power (RSRP) parameter (for example,a PSSCH-RSRP parameter) associated with various sidelink channels, maymeasure a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) parameter (forexample, a PSSCH-RSRQ parameter) associated with various sidelinkchannels, and may select a channel for transmission of a sidelinkcommunication based at least in part on the measurement(s).

Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 305 may perform resourceselection or scheduling using SCI 330 received in the PSCCH 315, whichmay indicate occupied resources, or channel parameters. Additionally, oralternatively, the UE 305 may perform resource selection or schedulingby determining a channel busy rate (CBR) associated with varioussidelink channels, which may be used for rate control (for example, byindicating a maximum number of resource blocks that the UE 305 can usefor a particular set of subframes).

In the transmission mode where resource selection or scheduling isperformed by a UE 305, the UE 305 may generate sidelink grants, and maytransmit the grants in SCI 330. A sidelink grant may indicate, forexample, one or more parameters (for example, transmission parameters)to be used for an upcoming sidelink transmission, such as one or moreresource blocks to be used for the upcoming sidelink transmission on thePSSCH 320 (for example, for TBs 335), one or more subframes to be usedfor the upcoming sidelink transmission, or a modulation and codingscheme (MCS) to be used for the upcoming sidelink transmission. In someaspects, a UE 305 may generate a sidelink grant that indicates one ormore parameters for semi-persistent scheduling (SPS), such as aperiodicity of a sidelink transmission. Additionally, or alternatively,the UE 305 may generate a sidelink grant for event-driven scheduling,such as for an on-demand sidelink message.

FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example 400 of sidelinkcommunications and access link communications.

As shown in FIG. 4, a transmitter (Tx)/receiver (Rx) UE 405 and an Rx/TxUE 410 may communicate with one another via a sidelink, as describedabove in connection with FIG. 3. As further shown, in some sidelinkmodes, a BS 110 may communicate with the Tx/Rx UE 405 via a first accesslink. Additionally, or alternatively, in some sidelink modes, the BS 110may communicate with the Rx/Tx UE 410 via a second access link. TheTx/Rx UE 405 or the Rx/Tx UE 410 may correspond to one or more UEsdescribed elsewhere herein, such as the UE 120 of FIG. 1. Thus, a directlink between UEs 120 (for example, via a PC5 interface) may be referredto as a sidelink, and a direct link between a BS 110 and a UE 120 (forexample, via a Uu interface) may be referred to as an access link.Sidelink communications may be transmitted via the sidelink, and accesslink communications may be transmitted via the access link. An accesslink communication may be either a downlink communication (from a BS 110to a UE 120) or an uplink communication (from a UE 120 to a BS 110).

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example call flow 500. As shown inFIG. 5, a BS 110 (such as the BS 110 depicted in, and described inconnection with, FIGS. 1-4) and a number of UEs 120 (shown as UE A, UEB, and UE M) (such as the UE 120 depicted in, and described inconnection with, FIGS. 1-4) may communicate with one another. In someaspects, the BS 110 may communicate with the UEs 120 via access linkcommunications and the UEs may communicate with one or another viasidelink communications.

As show by reference number 505, the BS 110 may transmit a set ofencoded packets to the UEs 120. In some aspects, the BS 110 may generatethe set of encoded packets using a network coding encoding function, fthat operates on a packet pool, S. For example, the packet pool, 5, mayinclude a set, {pl, p2, . . . , pn}, of data packets to be sent. Forexample, the BS 110 may generate a set, f(S), of encoded packets, {q1,q2, . . . , qm}, that correspond to a portion, {p1, p2, p3}, of thepacket pool, S. In some aspects, the network coding encoding functionmay include a random matrix.

The BS 110 may transmit the set of encoded packets using an access linkbetween the BS 110 and each of the UEs 120. Each of the UEs 120 mayreceive a subset of the set of encoded packets. A subset of encodedpackets received by a UE 120 may include different packets than thesubset of encoded packets received by another UE 120.

As shown by reference number 510, each of the UEs 120 decodes theencoded packets of the set of encoded packets that are received by theparticular UE 120. In some aspects, a UE 120 may decode the receivedencoded packets using a decoding function corresponding to the encodingfunction used by the BS 110 to generate the set of encoded packets. Insome aspects, the BS 110 may transmit the decoding function to the UEs120.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may transmit, to a UE 120 (for example, theUE A 120), a network coding configuration. The network codingconfiguration may include a set of network coding parameters. In someaspects, the set of network coding parameters may indicate a networkcoding algorithm, an encoding function, an encoding matrix, a maximumnumber of decoding iterations, or a combination thereof. In someaspects, the network coding configuration may be carried in a mediumaccess control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE), downlink controlinformation (DCI), a radio resource control (RRC) message, or acombination thereof.

In some aspects, network coding configurations may be updated. Forexample, in some aspects, the BS 110 may determine that a performance ofthe UE 120 associated with the set of network coding parameterssatisfies an underperformance threshold. In some aspects, the BS 110 maydetermine that the performance of the UE 120 satisfies theunderperformance threshold by receiving a network coding parameterchange request from the UE 120. In some aspects, the network codingparameter change request may be carried in at least one of a MAC-CE,uplink control information (UCI), or a combination thereof.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may transmit an additional set of networkcoding parameters to the UE 120 based on determining that theperformance of the UE 120 satisfies the underperformance threshold. Insome aspects, the additional set of network coding parameters may becarried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI, or a combination thereof. Insome aspects, the BS 110 may transmit an additional set of networkcoding parameters to the UE 120 as part of a configuration message andmay transmit a network coding parameter switch indication to the UE 120based on determining that the performance of the UE 120 satisfies theunderperformance threshold. In some aspects, the network codingparameter switch indication may be configured to cause the UE 120 toinstantiate the additional set of network coding parameters. In someaspects, the network coding parameter switch indication may be carriedin at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI, or a combination thereof.

As shown by reference number 515, the UEs 120 may transmit, and the BS110 may receive, a number of feedback messages. The feedback messagesmay include feedback indicating the encoded packets that each UE 120decoded. For example, the UE A 120 may transmit a first feedback messagethat indicates a first set of decoded packets including a first subsetof the set of encoded packets. As shown, for example, the feedbackmessage from the UE A 120 may indicate that the UE A 120 decoded thepacket p1. The UE B 120 may transmit a second feedback message thatindicates a second set of decoded packets including a second subset ofthe set of encoded packets. As shown, for example, the feedback messagefrom the UE B 120 may indicate that the UE B 120 decoded the packets p2and p3. Similarly, as shown, for example, a feedback message from the UEM 120 may indicate that the UE M 120 decoded the packet p3.

In some aspects, a feedback message may include a packet dataconvergence protocol (PDCP) status report, a radio link control (RLC)status report, a medium access control (MAC) hybrid automatic repeatrequest (HARD) feedback message, a dedicated decoding feedback message,or a combination thereof. In some aspects, a dedicated decoding feedbackmessage may include a network coding sub-layer report.

As shown by reference number 520, the BS 110 may generate an updated setof encoded packets. For example, in some aspects, the BS 110 maydetermine, based on the feedback messages, a group of decoded packets.The BS 110 may generate the updated set of encoded packets based on adifference between the packet pool, S, used to generate the set, f(S),of encoded packets and the group of decoded packets. For example, insome aspects, the BS 110 may generate an updated patent pool, S′, bysubtracting, from the packet pool, S, each data packet that was decodedby at least one of the UEs 120. The updated set, f(S′), of encodedpackets may be generated using the same encoding function, f that wasused to generate the set, f(S), of encoded packets.

As shown by reference number 525, the BS 110 may transmit, and the UEs120 may receive, the updated set, f(S′), of encoded packets. Forexample, the BS 110 may generate a set, f(S′), of encoded packets, {q′1,q′2, , . . . , q′m}, that correspond to a portion, {p4, p5, p6}, of theupdated packet pool, S′. As shown by reference number 530, the BS 110may transmit, to the UE A 120, an instruction to transmit a unicastsidelink communication including a set of missed packets to the UE B120. In some aspects, an instruction to transmit a unicast sidelinkcommunication may be an instruction to transmit a communication in aunicast manner. As shown in FIG. 5, for example, the set of missedpackets (shown as including the packet p1) may include one or moredecoded packets of the first set of decoded packets (the set of packetsdecoded by the UE A 120) that are not included in the second set ofdecoded packets (the set of packets decoded by the UE B 120).

In some aspects, the instruction also may indicate one or more othertransmissions to one or more other UEs. For example, as shown, theinstruction also instructs the UE A 120 to transmit a unicast sidelinkcommunication including a set of missed packets (shown as including thepacket p1) to the UE M 120. In some aspects, the BS 110 may transmit theinstruction to the UE A 120 using a unicast transmission, which mayinclude a transmission that is transmitted in a unicast manner.

Based on the instruction, as shown by reference number 535, the UE A 120may transmit the set of missing packets (packet p1) to the UE B 120 andthe UE M 120. In some aspects, the UE A 120 may transmit the set ofmissing packets using a unicast sidelink communication. In some aspects,the BS 110 may transmit a sidelink configuration to the UE A 120 and theinstruction may be based on the sidelink configuration. In some aspects,the instruction also may be based on a sidelink topology associated withthe UE A 120. In some aspects, the BS 110 may receive an indication ofthe sidelink topology from the UE A 120. In some aspects, the sidelinktopology may indicate any number of sidelink connections between the UEA 120 and any number of other UEs. For example, the sidelink topologymay indicate a sidelink connection between the UE A 120 and the UE B120. In some aspects, based on determining a change to the sidelinktopology, the UE A 120 may transmit, and the BS 110 may receive, anupdate to the sidelink topology. In some aspects, the BS 110 may receiveindications of sidelink topologies from any of the UEs 120.

According to various aspects, the BS 110 may transmit any number ofinstructions to UEs 120. For example, as shown by reference number 540,the BS 110 may transmit, to the UE B 120, an instruction to transmit aunicast sidelink communication including a set of missed packets to theUE A 120 and to transmit a unicast sidelink communication including aset of missed packets to the UE M 120. As shown, for example, the BS 110may instruct the UE B 120 to transmit the packets p2 and p3 to the UE A120 and the packet p2 to the UE M 120. As shown by reference number 545,based on the instruction, the UE B 120 may transmit a set of missingpackets (the packets p2 and p3) to the UE A 120 and a set of missingpackets (the packet p2) to the UE M 120.

As shown by reference number 550, the BS 110 may transmit, to the UE M120, an instruction to transmit a unicast sidelink communicationincluding a set of missed packets to the UE A 120. As shown, forexample, the BS 110 may instruct the UE M 120 to transmit the packet p3to the UE A 120. As shown by reference number 555, based on theinstruction, the UE M 120 may transmit a set of missing packets (thepacket p3) to the UE A 120.

As shown by reference number 560, each UE 120 may decode receivedencoded packets. For example, in some aspects, a UE 120 may decode asubset of the updated set of encoded packets received by that UE 120 anda set of missed packets received from another UE 120 via a sidelinkcommunication. As shown by reference number 565, the UEs 120 maytransmit, and the BS 110 may receive, feedback messages that indicaterespective sets of decoded packets. For example, the UE A 120 maytransmit a feedback message that indicates that the UE A 120 has decodedthe packets p1, p4, and p5. The UE B 120 may transmit a feedback messagethat indicates that the UE B 120 has decoded the packets p2, p3, and p5.The UE M 120 may transmit a feedback message that indicates that the UEM 120 has decoded the packets p3 and p6. According to various aspects,the procedure shown in FIG. 5 may be repeated until each of the UEs havedecoded the packets of the packet pool, S.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating an example call flow 600. As shown inFIG. 6, a BS 110 (such as the BS 110 depicted in, and described inconnection with, FIGS. 1-5) and a number of UEs 120 (shown as UE A, UEB, and UE M) (such as the UE 120 depicted in, and described inconnection with, FIGS. 1-5) may communicate with one another. In someaspects, the BS 110 may communicate with the UEs 120 via access linkcommunications and the UEs 120 may communicate with one or another viasidelink communications.

As show by reference number 605, the BS 110 may transmit a set ofencoded packets to the UEs 120 (shown, for example, as packets p1, p2,and p3). In some aspects, the BS 110 may generate the set of encodedpackets using a network coding encoding function, ƒ, that operates on apacket pool, S. For example, the packet pool, S, may include a set, {p1,p2, . . . , pn}, of data packets to be sent. For example, the BS 110 maygenerate a set, f(S), of encoded packets, {q1, q2, . . . , qm}, thatcorrespond to a portion, {p1, p2, p3}, of the packet pool, S. In someaspects, the network coding encoding function may include a randommatrix.

The BS 110 may transmit the set of encoded packets using an access linkbetween the BS 110 and each of the UEs 120. Each of the UEs 120 mayreceive a subset of the set of encoded packets. A subset of encodedpackets received by a UE 120 may include different packets than thesubset of encoded packets received by another UE 120.

As shown by reference number 610, each of the UEs 120 decodes theencoded packets of the set of encoded packets that are received by theparticular UE 120. In some aspects, a UE 120 may decode the receivedencoded packets using a decoding function corresponding to the encodingfunction used by the BS 110 to generate the set of encoded packets. Insome aspects, the BS 110 may transmit the decoding function to the UEs120.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may transmit, to a UE 120 (for example, theUE A 120), a network coding configuration. The network codingconfiguration may include a set of network coding parameters. In someaspects, the set of network coding parameters may indicate at least oneof a network coding algorithm, an encoding function, an encoding matrix,a maximum number of decoding iterations, or a combination thereof. Insome aspects, the network coding configuration may be carried in atleast one of a MAC-CE, DCI, an RRC message, or a combination thereof.

In some aspects, network coding configurations may be updated. Forexample, in some aspects, the BS 110 may determine that a performance ofthe UE 120 associated with the set of network coding parameterssatisfies an underperformance threshold. In some aspects, the BS 110 maydetermine that the performance of the UE 120 satisfies theunderperformance threshold by receiving a network coding parameterchange request from the UE 120. In some aspects, the network codingparameter change request may be carried in at least one of a MAC-CE,UCI, or a combination thereof.

In some aspects, the BS 110 may transmit an additional set of networkcoding parameters to the UE 120 based on determining that theperformance of the UE 120 satisfies the underperformance threshold. Insome aspects, the additional set of network coding parameters may becarried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI, or a combination thereof. Insome aspects, the BS 110 may transmit an additional set of networkcoding parameters to the UE 120 as part of a configuration message andmay transmit a network coding parameter switch indication to the UE 120based on determining that the performance of the UE 120 satisfies theunderperformance threshold. In some aspects, the network codingparameter switch indication may be configured to cause the UE 120 toinstantiate the additional set of network coding parameters. In someaspects, the network coding parameter switch indication may be carriedin at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI, or a combination thereof.

As shown by reference number 615, the UEs 120 may transmit, and the BS110 may receive, a number of feedback messages. The feedback messagesmay include feedback indicating the encoded packets that each UE 120decoded. For example, the UE A 120 may transmit a first feedback messagethat indicates a first set of decoded packets including a first subsetof the set of encoded packets. As shown, for example, the feedbackmessage from the UE A 120 may indicate that the UE A 120 decoded thepacket p1. The UE B 120 may transmit a second feedback message thatindicates a second set of decoded packets including a second subset ofthe set of encoded packets. As shown, for example, the feedback messagefrom the UE B 120 may indicate that the UE B 120 decoded the packets p2and p3. Similarly, as shown, for example, a feedback message from the UEM 120 may indicate that the UE M 120 decoded the packet p3.

In some aspects, a feedback message may include a PDCP status report, anRLC status report, a MAC HARQ feedback message, a dedicated decodingfeedback message, or a combination thereof. In some aspects, a dedicateddecoding feedback message may include a network coding sub-layer report.

As shown by reference number 620, the BS 110 may generate an updated setof encoded packets. For example, in some aspects, the BS 110 maydetermine, based on the feedback messages, a group of decoded packets.The BS 110 may generate the updated set of encoded packets based on adifference between the packet pool, S, used to generate the set, f(S),of encoded packets and the group of decoded packets. For example, insome aspects, the BS 110 may generate an updated patent pool, S′, bysubtracting, from the packet pool, S, each data packet that was decodedby at least one of the UEs 120. The updated set, f(S′), of encodedpackets may be generated using the same encoding function, f that wasused to generate the set, f(S), of encoded packets.

As shown by reference number 625, the BS 110 may transmit, and the UEs120 may receive, the updated set, f(S′), of encoded packets. Forexample, the BS 110 may generate a set, f(S′), of encoded packets, {q′1,q′2, . . . , q′m}, that correspond to a portion, {p4, p5, p6}, of theupdated packet pool, S′. As shown by reference number 630, the BS 110may transmit, to the UE A 120, the UE B 120, and the UE M 120, aninstruction to transmit a broadcast sidelink communication including aset of missed packets to the UE B 120. In some aspects, an instructionto transmit a broadcast sidelink communication may be an instruction totransmit a communication in a broadcast manner. As shown in FIG. 6, forexample, the set of missed packets may include one or more decodedpackets of the first set of decoded packets that are not included in thesecond set of decoded packets. In some aspects, the BS 110 may transmitthe instructions to the UEs 120 using unicast transmissions, which mayinclude transmissions that are transmitted in a unicast manner.

Based on the instructions, as shown by reference number 635, the UE A120, the UE B 120, and the UE M 120 may transmit respective sets ofmissing packets to the other UEs 120 using broadcast communications. Insome aspects, the BS 110 may transmit sidelink configurations to one ormore of the UEs 120 and the instructions may be based on the sidelinkconfigurations. In some aspects, a sidelink configuration may indicate asidelink transmission resource, a frequency configuration, and/or amodulation and coding scheme (MCS) pool, among other examples. In someaspects, the instructions also may be based on one or more sidelinktopologies associated with one or more of the UEs 120. In some aspects,the BS 110 may receive an indication of the sidelink topology from a UE120. In some aspects, the sidelink topology may indicate any number ofsidelink connections between the UE 120 and any number of other UEs. Forexample, the sidelink topology may indicate a sidelink connectionbetween the UE A 120 and the UE B 120. In some aspects, based ondetermining a change to the sidelink topology, a UE 120 may transmit,and the BS 110 may receive, an update to the sidelink topology.

As shown by reference number 640, each UE 120 may decode receivedencoded packets. For example, in some aspects, a UE 120 may decode asubset of the updated set of encoded packets received by that UE 120 anda set of missed packets received from another UE 120 via a sidelinkcommunication. As shown by reference number 645, the UEs 120 maytransmit, and the BS 110 may receive, feedback messages that indicaterespective sets of decoded packets. For example, the UE A 120 maytransmit a feedback message that indicates that the UE A 120 has decodedthe packets p1, p4, and p5. The UE B 120 may transmit a feedback messagethat indicates that the UE B 120 has decoded the packets p2, p3, and p5.The UE M 120 may transmit a feedback message that indicates that the UEM 120 has decoded the packets p3 and p6. According to various aspects,the procedure shown in FIG. 6 may be repeated until each of the UEs havedecoded the packets of the packet pool, S.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example process 700 performed, forexample, by a UE. The process 700 is an example where the UE (such asthe UE 120 depicted in, and described in connection with, FIGS. 1-6)performs operations associated with sidelink supported networktransmission.

As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, the process 700 may includereceiving, from a BS (such as the BS 110 depicted in, and described inconnection with, FIGS. 1-6), a set of encoded packets (block 710). Forexample, the UE (for example, using receive processor 258, transmitprocessor 264, controller/processor 280, memory 282, or a combinationthereof) may receive, from a BS, a set of encoded packets, as describedabove.

As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, the process 700 may includetransmitting, to the BS, a feedback message that indicates a set ofdecoded packets (block 720). For example, the UE (for example, usingreceive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280,memory 282, or a combination thereof) may transmit, to the BS, afeedback message that indicates a set of decoded packets, as describedabove.

As shown in FIG. 7, in some aspects, the process 700 may includereceiving, from the BS, an instruction to transmit a broadcast sidelinkcommunication including a set of missed packets, where the set of missedpackets includes one or more decoded packets of the set of decodedpackets (block 730). For example, the UE (for example, using receiveprocessor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280, memory282, or a combination thereof) may receive, from the BS, an instructionto transmit a broadcast sidelink communication including a set of missedpackets, as described above. In some aspects, the set of missed packetsincludes one or more decoded packets of the set of decoded packets.

The process 700 may include additional aspects, such as any singleaspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connectionwith one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, process 700 includes transmitting the broadcastsidelink communication.

In a second additional aspect, alone or in combination with the firstaspect, process 700 includes receiving, from the BS, an updated set ofencoded packets based on the feedback message.

In a third additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first and second aspects, process 700 includes decoding the setof encoded packets using a decoding function corresponding to anencoding function used to generate the set of encoded packets; anddecoding the updated set of encoded packets using the decoding function.

In a fourth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through third aspects, the encoding function includes arandom matrix, and process 700 includes receiving an indication of therandom matrix from the BS.

In a fifth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through fourth aspects, process 700 includes transmitting,to the BS, an additional feedback message, where the additional feedbackmessage indicates a second set of decoded packets including a subset ofthe updated set of encoded packets.

In a sixth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through fifth aspects, receiving the instruction includesreceiving a unicast transmission from the BS.

In a seventh additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through sixth aspects, receiving the set of encoded packetsincludes receiving the set of encoded packets using an access linkbetween the BS and the UE.

In an eighth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through seventh aspects, process 700 includes receiving,from the BS, a sidelink configuration.

In a ninth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through eighth aspects, the sidelink configuration canindicate at least one of a sidelink transmission resource, a frequencyconfiguration, or an MCS pool.

In a tenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through ninth aspects, the instruction is based on thesidelink configuration.

In an eleventh additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through tenth aspects, process 700 includestransmitting, to the BS, an indication of a sidelink topology.

In a twelfth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through eleventh aspects, process 700 includestransmitting, to the BS, an indication of an update to the sidelinktopology.

In a thirteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twelfth aspects, process 700 includesreceiving, from the BS, a network coding configuration including a setof network coding parameters.

In a fourteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through thirteenth aspects, the set of network codingparameters indicate at least one of a network coding algorithm, anencoding function, an encoding matrix, a maximum number of decodingiterations, or a combination thereof.

In a fifteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through fourteenth aspects, the network codingconfiguration is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI, an RRCmessage, or a combination thereof.

In a sixteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through fifteenth aspects, process 700 includesdetermining that a performance of the UE associated with the set ofnetwork coding parameters satisfies an underperformance threshold; andtransmitting, to the BS, a network coding parameter change request basedon determining that the performance of the UE satisfies theunderperformance threshold.

In a seventeenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through sixteenth aspects, the network codingparameter change request is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, UCI, ora combination thereof.

In an eighteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through seventeenth aspects, process 700 includesreceiving an additional set of network coding parameters from the BSbased on the network coding parameter change request.

In a nineteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through eighteenth aspects, the additional set ofnetwork coding parameters is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI,or a combination thereof.

In a twentieth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through nineteenth aspects, process 700 includesreceiving an additional set of network coding parameters from the BS;receiving a network coding parameter switch indication from the BS basedon the network coding parameter change request; and instantiating, basedon the network coding parameter switch indication, the additional set ofnetwork coding parameters.

In a twenty-first additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twentieth aspects, the network codingparameter switch indication is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI,or a combination thereof.

In a twenty-second additional aspect, alone or in combination with oneor more of the first through twenty-first aspects, the feedback messageincludes at least one of: a PDCP status report, an RLC status report, aMAC HARQ feedback message, a dedicated decoding feedback message, or acombination thereof.

In a twenty-third additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twenty-second aspects, the dedicated decodingfeedback message includes a network coding sub-layer report.

Although FIG. 7 shows example blocks of the process 700, in someaspects, the process 700 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks,different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted inFIG. 7. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of theprocess 700 may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating an example process 800 performed, forexample, by a UE. The process 800 is an example where the UE (such asthe UE 120 depicted in, and described in connection with, FIGS. 1-6)performs operations associated with sidelink supported networktransmission.

As shown in FIG. 8, in some aspects, the process 800 may includereceiving, from a BS (such as the BS 110 depicted in, and described inconnection with, FIGS. 1-6), a set of encoded packets (block 810). Forexample, the UE (for example, using receive processor 258, transmitprocessor 264, controller/processor 280, memory 282, or a combinationthereof) may receive, from a BS, a set of encoded packets, as describedabove.

As shown in FIG. 8, in some aspects, the process 800 may includetransmitting, to the BS, a feedback message that indicates a first setof decoded packets (block 820). For example, the UE (for example, usingreceive processor 258, transmit processor 264, controller/processor 280,memory 282, or a combination thereof) may transmit, to the BS, afeedback message that indicates a first set of decoded packets, asdescribed above.

As shown in FIG. 8, in some aspects, the process 800 may includereceiving a broadcast sidelink communication including a set of missedpackets, where the set of missed packets includes one or more decodedpackets of a second set of decoded packets that are not included in thefirst set of decoded packets (block 830). For example, the UE (forexample, using receive processor 258, transmit processor 264,controller/processor 280, memory 282, or a combination thereof) mayreceive a broadcast sidelink communication including a set of missedpackets, as described above. In some aspects, the set of missed packetsincludes one or more decoded packets of a second set of decoded packetsthat are not included in the first set of decoded packets.

The process 800 may include additional aspects, such as any singleaspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connectionwith one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, process 800 includes receiving, from the BS, anupdated set of encoded packets based on the feedback message.

In a second additional aspect, alone or in combination with the firstaspect, process 800 includes decoding the set of encoded packets using adecoding function corresponding to an encoding function used to generatethe set of encoded packets; and decoding the updated set of encodedpackets using the decoding function.

In a third additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first and second aspects, the encoding function includes a randommatrix, and process 800 includes receiving an indication of the randommatrix from the BS.

In a fourth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through third aspects, the transmitting, to the BS, anadditional feedback message, where the additional feedback messageindicates a third set of decoded packets including a subset of theupdated set of encoded packets.

In a fifth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through fourth aspects, receiving the set of encodedpackets includes receiving the set of encoded packets using an accesslink between the BS and the first UE.

In a sixth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through fifth aspects, process 800 includes receiving, fromthe BS, a sidelink configuration.

In a seventh additional aspects, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through sixth aspects, the sidelink configurationindicates at least one of: a sidelink transmission resource, a frequencyconfiguration, or an MCS pool.

In an eighth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through seventh aspects, the unicast sidelink communicationis based on the sidelink configuration.

In a ninth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through eighth aspects, process 800 includes transmitting,to the BS, an indication of a sidelink topology that indicates asidelink connection between the first UE and the second UE.

In a tenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through ninth aspects, process 800 includes transmitting,to the BS, an indication of an update to the sidelink topology.

In an eleventh additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through tenth aspects, process 800 includes receiving,from the BS, a network coding configuration including a set of networkcoding parameters.

In a twelfth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through eleventh aspects, the set of network codingparameters indicate at least one of a network coding algorithm, anencoding function, an encoding matrix, a maximum number of decodingiterations, or a combination thereof.

In a thirteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twelfth aspects, the network codingconfiguration is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI, an RRCmessage, or a combination thereof.

In a fourteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through thirteenth aspects, process 800 includesdetermining that a performance of the first UE associated with the setof network coding parameters satisfies an underperformance threshold;and transmitting, to the BS, a network coding parameter change requestbased on determining that the performance of the first UE satisfies theunderperformance threshold.

In a fifteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through fourteenth aspects, the network codingparameter change request is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, UCI, ora combination thereof.

In a sixteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through fifteenth aspects, process 800 includesreceiving an additional set of network coding parameters from the BSbased on the network coding parameter change request.

In a seventeenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through sixteenth aspects, the additional set ofnetwork coding parameters is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI,or a combination thereof.

In an eighteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through seventeenth aspects, process 800 includesreceiving an additional set of network coding parameters from the BS;receiving a network coding parameter switch indication from the BS basedon the network coding parameter change request; and instantiating, basedon the network coding parameter switch indication, the additional set ofnetwork coding parameters.

In a nineteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through eighteenth aspects, the network codingparameter switch indication is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI,or a combination thereof.

In a twentieth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through nineteenth aspects, the feedback messageincludes at least one of a PDCP status report, an RLC status report, aMAC HARQ feedback message, a dedicated decoding feedback message, or acombination thereof.

In a twenty-first additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twentieth aspects, the dedicated decodingfeedback message includes a network coding sub-layer report.

Although FIG. 8 shows example blocks of the process 800, in someaspects, the process 800 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks,different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted inFIG. 8. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of theprocess 800 may be performed in parallel.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating an example process 900 performed, forexample, by a BS. The process 900 is an example where the BS (such asthe BS 110 depicted in, and described in connection with, FIGS. 1-6)performs operations associated with sidelink supported networktransmission.

As shown in FIG. 9, in some aspects, the process 900 may includetransmitting, to a plurality of UEs (such as the UE 120 depicted in, anddescribed in connection with, FIGS. 1-6), a set of encoded packets(block 910). For example, the BS (for example, using transmit processor220, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory 242, or acombination thereof) may transmit, to a plurality of UEs, a set ofencoded packets, as described above.

As shown in FIG. 9, in some aspects, the process 900 may includereceiving a plurality of feedback messages from the plurality of UEs,the plurality of feedback messages including: a first feedback message,received from a first UE, that indicates a first set of decoded packetsincluding a first subset of the set of encoded packets, a secondfeedback message, received from a second UE, that indicates a second setof decoded packets including a second subset of the set of encodedpackets (block 920). For example, the BS (for example, using transmitprocessor 220, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory242, or a combination thereof) may receive a plurality of feedbackmessages from the plurality of UEs, the plurality of feedback messagesincluding, as described above. In some aspects, the plurality offeedback messages include: a first feedback message, received from afirst UE, that indicates a first set of decoded packets including afirst subset of the set of encoded packets, a second feedback message,received from a second UE, that indicates a second set of decodedpackets including a second subset of the set of encoded packets, asdescribed above.

As shown in FIG. 9, in some aspects, the process 900 may includetransmitting, to the first UE, an instruction to transmit a broadcastsidelink communication including a set of missed packets, where the setof missed packets includes one or more decoded packets of the first setof decoded packets that are not included in the second set of decodedpackets (block 930). For example, the BS (for example, using transmitprocessor 220, receive processor 238, controller/processor 240, memory242, or a combination thereof) may transmit, to the first UE, aninstruction to transmit a broadcast sidelink communication including aset of missed packets, as described above. In some aspects, the set ofmissed packets includes one or more decoded packets of the first set ofdecoded packets that are not included in the second set of decodedpackets, as described above.

The process 900 may include additional aspects, such as any singleaspect or any combination of aspects described below or in connectionwith one or more other processes described elsewhere herein.

In a first aspect, process 900 includes transmitting, to the pluralityof UEs, an updated set of encoded packets based on the plurality offeedback messages.

In a second additional aspect, alone or in combination with the firstaspect, process 900 includes generating the set of encoded packets usingan encoding function; and generating the updated set of encoded packetsusing the encoding function.

In a third additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first and second aspects, the encoding function includes a randommatrix, and process 900 includes indicating the random matrix to theplurality of UEs.

In a fourth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through third aspects, process 900 includes determining,based on the plurality of feedback messages, a group of decoded packets;and generating the updated set of encoded packets based on a differencebetween a patent pool used to generate the set of encoded packets andthe group of decoded packets.

In a fifth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through fourth aspects, process 900 includes receiving,from the second UE, a third feedback message that indicates a third setof decoded packets including: a subset of the updated is setting ofencoded packets; and a subset of the set of missed packets.

In a sixth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through fifth aspects, transmitting the instruction to thefirst UE includes transmitting a unicast transmission to the first UE.

In a seventh additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through sixth aspects, transmitting the set of encodedpackets includes transmitting the set of encoded packets using an accesslink between the BS and each of the plurality of UEs.

In an eighth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through seventh aspects, process 900 includes transmitting,to the first UE, a sidelink configuration.

In a ninth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through eight aspects, the sidelink configuration indicatesat least one of: a sidelink transmission resource, a frequencyconfiguration, or an MCS pool.

In a tenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through ninth aspects, the instruction is based on thesidelink configuration.

In an eleventh additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through tenth aspects, process 900 includes receiving,from the first UE, an indication of a sidelink topology that indicates asidelink connection between the first UE and the second UE.

In a twelfth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one or moreof the first through eleventh aspects, process 900 includes receiving,from the first UE, an indication of an update to the sidelink topology.

In a thirteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twelfth aspects, process 900 includestransmitting, to the first UE, a network coding configuration includinga set of network coding parameters.

In a fourteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through thirteenth aspects, the set of network codingparameters indicate at least one of a network coding algorithm, anencoding function, an encoding matrix, a maximum number of decodingiterations, or a combination thereof.

In a fifteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through fourteenth aspects, the network codingconfiguration is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI, an RRCmessage, or a combination thereof.

In a sixteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through fifteenth aspects, process 900 includesdetermining that a performance of the first UE associated with the setof network coding parameters satisfies an underperformance threshold.

In a seventeenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through sixteenth aspects, determining that theperformance of the first UE satisfies the underperformance thresholdincludes receiving a network coding parameter change request from thefirst UE.

In an eighteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through seventeenth aspects, the network codingparameter change request is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, UCI, ora combination thereof.

In a nineteenth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through eighteenth aspects, process 900 includestransmitting an additional set of network coding parameters to the firstUE based on determining that the performance of the first UE satisfiesthe underperformance threshold.

In a twentieth additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through nineteenth aspects, the additional set ofnetwork coding parameters is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI,or a combination thereof.

In a twenty-first additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twentieth aspects, process 900 includestransmitting an additional set of network coding parameters to the firstUE; and transmitting a network coding parameter switch indication to thefirst UE based on determining that the performance of the first UEsatisfies the underperformance threshold, where the network is codingparameter switch indication is to cause the first UE to instantiate theadditional set of network coding parameters.

In a twenty-second additional aspect, alone or in combination with oneor more of the first through twenty-first aspects, the network codingparameter switch indication is carried in at least one of a MAC-CE, DCI,or a combination thereof.

In a twenty-third additional aspect, alone or in combination with one ormore of the first through twenty-second aspects, the plurality offeedback messages include at least one of a PDCP status report, an RLCstatus report, a MAC HARQ feedback message, a dedicated decodingfeedback message, or a combination thereof.

In a twenty-fourth additional aspect, alone or in combination with oneor more of the first through twenty-third aspects, the dedicateddecoding feedback message includes a network coding sub-layer report.

Although FIG. 9 shows example blocks of the process 900, in someaspects, the process 900 may include additional blocks, fewer blocks,different blocks, or differently arranged blocks than those depicted inFIG. 9. Additionally, or alternatively, two or more of the blocks of theprocess 900 may be performed in parallel.

The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but isnot intended to be exhaustive or to limit the aspects to the preciseforms disclosed. Modifications and variations may be made in light ofthe above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the aspects.

As used herein, the term “component” is intended to be broadly construedas hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software. Asused herein, a processor is implemented in hardware, firmware, or acombination of hardware and software. As used herein, the phrase “basedon” is intended to be broadly construed to mean “based at least in parton.” As used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value beinggreater than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, lessthan the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to thethreshold, or not equal to the threshold, among other examples. As usedherein, a phrase referring to “at least one of” a list of items refersto any combination of those items, including single members. As anexample, “at least one of: a, b, or c” is intended to cover: a, b, c,a-b, a-c, b-c, and a-b-c.

Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to includeone or more items and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.”Further, as used herein, the article “the” is intended to include one ormore items referenced in connection with the article “the” and may beused interchangeably with “the one or more.” Furthermore, as usedherein, the terms “set” and “group” are intended to include one or moreitems (for example, related items, unrelated items, or a combination ofrelated and unrelated items), and may be used interchangeably with “oneor more.” Where only one item is intended, the phrase “only one” orsimilar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,”“having,” and similar terms are intended to be open-ended terms.Further, as used herein, the term “or” is intended to be inclusive whenused in a series and may be used interchangeably with “and/or,” unlessexplicitly stated otherwise (for example, if used in combination with“either” or “only one of”).

The various illustrative logics, logical blocks, modules, circuits andalgorithm processes described in connection with the aspects disclosedherein may be implemented as electronic hardware, computer software, orcombinations of both. The interchangeability of hardware and softwarehas been described generally, in terms of functionality, and illustratedin the various illustrative components, blocks, modules, circuits andprocesses described above. Whether such functionality is implemented inhardware or software depends upon the particular application and designconstraints imposed on the overall system.

The hardware and data processing apparatus used to implement the variousillustrative logics, logical blocks, modules and circuits described inconnection with the aspects disclosed herein may be implemented orperformed with a general purpose single- or multi-chip processor, adigital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integratedcircuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) or otherprogrammable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discretehardware components, or any combination thereof designed to perform thefunctions described herein. A general purpose processor may be amicroprocessor, or, any conventional processor, controller,microcontroller, or state machine. A processor also may be implementedas a combination of computing devices, for example, a combination of aDSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or moremicroprocessors in conjunction with a DSP core, or any other suchconfiguration. In some aspects, particular processes and methods may beperformed by circuitry that is specific to a given function.

In one or more aspects, the functions described may be implemented inhardware, digital electronic circuitry, computer software, firmware,including the structures disclosed in this specification and theirstructural equivalents thereof, or in any combination thereof. Aspectsof the subject matter described in this specification also can beimplemented as one or more computer programs (such as one or moremodules of computer program instructions) encoded on a computer storagemedia for execution by, or to control the operation of, a dataprocessing apparatus.

If implemented in software, the functions may be stored on ortransmitted over as one or more instructions or code on acomputer-readable medium. The processes of a method or algorithmdisclosed herein may be implemented in a processor-executable softwaremodule which may reside on a computer-readable medium. Computer-readablemedia includes both computer storage media and communication mediaincluding any medium that can be enabled to transfer a computer programfrom one place to another. A storage media may be any available mediathat may be accessed by a computer. By way of example, and notlimitation, such computer-readable media may include RAM, ROM, EEPROM,CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage or othermagnetic storage devices, or any other medium that may be used to storedesired program code in the form of instructions or data structures andthat may be accessed by a computer. Also, any connection can be properlytermed a computer-readable medium. Disk and disc, as used herein,includes compact disc (CD), laser disc, optical disc, digital versatiledisc (DVD), floppy disk, and Blu-ray disc where disks usually reproducedata magnetically, while discs reproduce data optically with lasers.Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope ofcomputer-readable media. Additionally, the operations of a method oralgorithm may reside as one or any combination or set of codes andinstructions on a machine readable medium and computer-readable medium,which may be incorporated into a computer program product.

Various modifications to the aspects described in this disclosure may bereadily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principlesdefined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing fromthe spirit or scope of this disclosure. Thus, the claims are notintended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but are to beaccorded the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, theprinciples and the novel features disclosed herein.

Additionally, a person having ordinary skill in the art will readilyappreciate, the terms “upper” and “lower” are sometimes used for ease ofdescribing the figures, and indicate relative positions corresponding tothe orientation of the figure on a properly oriented page, and may notreflect the proper orientation of any device as implemented.

Certain features that are described in this specification in the contextof separate aspects also can be implemented in combination in a singleaspect. Conversely, various features that are described in the contextof a single aspect also can be implemented in multiple aspectsseparately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, althoughfeatures may be described above as acting in certain combinations andeven initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimedcombination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and theclaimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation ofa subcombination.

Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particularorder, this should not be understood as requiring that such operationsbe performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, orthat all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirableresults. Further, the drawings may schematically depict one more exampleprocesses in the form of a flow diagram. However, other operations thatare not depicted can be incorporated in the example processes that areschematically illustrated. For example, one or more additionaloperations can be performed before, after, simultaneously, or betweenany of the illustrated operations. In certain circumstances,multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, theseparation of various system components in the aspects described aboveshould not be understood as requiring such separation in all aspects,and it should be understood that the described program components andsystems can generally be integrated together in a single softwareproduct or packaged into multiple software products. Additionally, otheraspects are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, theactions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order andstill achieve desirable results.

1. A method of wireless communication performed by an apparatus of auser equipment (UE), comprising: receiving, from a base station (BS), aset of encoded packets; transmitting, to the BS, a feedback message thatindicates a set of decoded packets; and receiving, from the BS, aninstruction to transmit a broadcast sidelink communication comprising aset of missed packets, wherein the set of missed packets includes one ormore decoded packets of the set of decoded packets.
 2. The method ofclaim 1, further comprising transmitting the broadcast sidelinkcommunication.
 3. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving,from the BS, an updated set of encoded packets based on the feedbackmessage.
 4. The method of claim 3, further comprising: decoding the setof encoded packets using a decoding function corresponding to anencoding function used to generate the set of encoded packets; anddecoding the updated set of encoded packets using the decoding function.5-8. (canceled)
 9. The method of claim 1, further comprising receiving,from the BS, a sidelink configuration, wherein the sidelinkconfiguration indicates at least one of: a sidelink transmissionresource, a frequency configuration, or a modulation and coding scheme(MCS) pool; and wherein the instruction is based on the sidelinkconfiguration. 10-13. (canceled)
 14. The method of claim 1, furthercomprising receiving, from the BS, a network coding configurationcomprising a set of network coding parameters.
 15. The method of claim14, wherein the set of network coding parameters indicate at least oneof: a network coding algorithm, an encoding function, an encodingmatrix, a maximum number of decoding iterations, or a combinationthereof.
 16. (canceled)
 17. The method of claim 14, further comprising:determining that a performance of the UE associated with the set ofnetwork coding parameters satisfies an underperformance threshold; andtransmitting, to the BS, a network coding parameter change request basedon determining that the performance of the UE satisfies theunderperformance threshold.
 18. The method of claim 17, wherein thenetwork coding parameter change request is carried in at least one of: amedium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE), uplink controlinformation (UCI), or a combination thereof.
 19. The method of claim 17,further comprising: receiving an additional set of network codingparameters from the BS based on the network coding parameter changerequest.
 20. The method of claim 19, wherein the additional set ofnetwork coding parameters is carried in at least one of: a medium accesscontrol (MAC) control element (MAC-CE), downlink control information(DCI), or a combination thereof.
 21. The method of claim 17, furthercomprising: receiving an additional set of network coding parametersfrom the BS; receiving a network coding parameter switch indication fromthe BS based on the network coding parameter change request; andinstantiating, based on the network coding parameter switch indication,the additional set of network coding parameters.
 22. The method of claim21, wherein the network coding parameter switch indication is carried inat least one of: a medium access control (MAC) control element (MAC-CE),downlink control information (DCI), or a combination thereof. 23.(canceled)
 24. The method of claim 23, wherein the dedicated decodingfeedback message comprises a network coding sub-layer report. 25-46.(canceled)
 47. A method of wireless communication performed by anapparatus of a base station (BS), comprising: transmitting, to aplurality of user equipment (UEs), a set of encoded packets; receiving aplurality of feedback messages from the plurality of UEs, the pluralityof feedback messages comprising: a first feedback message, received froma first UE, that indicates a first set of decoded packets including afirst subset of the set of encoded packets, a second feedback message,received from a second UE, that indicates a second set of decodedpackets including a second subset of the set of encoded packets, andtransmitting, to the first UE, an instruction to transmit a broadcastsidelink communication comprising a set of missed packets, wherein theset of missed packets includes one or more decoded packets of the firstset of decoded packets that are not included in the second set ofdecoded packets.
 48. The method of claim 47, further comprisingtransmitting, to the plurality of UEs, an updated set of encoded packetsbased on the plurality of feedback messages. 49-50. (canceled)
 51. Themethod of claim 48, further comprising: determining, based on theplurality of feedback messages, a group of decoded packets; andgenerating the updated set of encoded packets based on a differencebetween a packet pool used to generate the set of encoded packets andthe group of decoded packets. 52-54. (canceled)
 55. The method of claim47, further comprising transmitting, to the first UE, a sidelinkconfiguration, wherein the sidelink configuration indicates at least oneof: a sidelink transmission resource, a frequency configuration, or amodulation and coding scheme (MCS) pool; and wherein the instruction isbased on the sidelink configuration. 56-59. (canceled)
 60. The method ofclaim 47, further comprising transmitting, to the first UE, a networkcoding configuration comprising a set of network coding parameters.61-62. (canceled)
 63. The method of claim 60, further comprising:determining that a performance of the first UE associated with the setof network coding parameters satisfies an underperformance threshold.64. The method of claim 63, wherein determining that the performance ofthe first UE satisfies the underperformance threshold comprisesreceiving a network coding parameter change request from the first UE.65. (canceled)
 66. The method of claim 64, further comprising:transmitting an additional set of network coding parameters to the firstUE based on determining that the performance of the first UE satisfiesthe underperformance threshold.
 67. (canceled)
 68. The method of claim64, further comprising: transmitting an additional set of network codingparameters to the first UE; and transmitting a network coding parameterswitch indication to the first UE based on determining that theperformance of the first UE satisfies the underperformance threshold,wherein the network coding parameter switch indication is to cause thefirst UE to instantiate the additional set of network coding parameters.69. (canceled)
 70. The method of claim 47, wherein the plurality offeedback messages comprise at least one of: a packet data convergenceprotocol (PDCP) status report, a radio link control (RLC) status report,a medium access control (MAC) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)feedback message, a dedicated decoding feedback message, or acombination thereof; and wherein the dedicated decoding feedback messagecomprises a network coding sub-layer report.
 71. (canceled)
 72. Anapparatus of a user equipment (UE) for wireless communication,comprising: a first interface configured to obtain: a set of encodedpackets; and an instruction to output a broadcast sidelink communicationcomprising a set of missed packets, wherein the set of missed packetsincludes one or more decoded packets of a set of decoded packets; andthe first interface or a second interface configured to output afeedback message that indicates the set of decoded packets. 73-93.(canceled)
 94. The apparatus of claim 72, wherein the feedback messagecomprises at least one of: a packet data convergence protocol (PDCP)status report, a radio link control (RLC) status report, a medium accesscontrol (MAC) hybrid automatic repeat request (HARD) feedback message, adedicated decoding feedback message, or a combination thereof.
 95. Theapparatus of claim 94, wherein the dedicated decoding feedback messagecomprises a network coding sub-layer report. 96-117. (canceled)
 118. Aapparatus of a base station (BS) for wireless communication, comprising:a first interface configured to obtain: a plurality of feedbackmessages, the plurality of feedback messages comprising: a firstfeedback message that indicates a first set of decoded packets includinga first subset of a set of encoded packets, and a second feedbackmessage that indicates a second set of decoded packets including asecond subset of the set of encoded packets, and the first interface ora second interface configured to output: the set of encoded packets; andan instruction to transmit a broadcast sidelink communication comprisinga set of missed packets, wherein the set of missed packets includes oneor more decoded packets of the first set of decoded packets that are notincluded in the second set of decoded packets.
 119. The apparatus ofclaim 118, wherein the first interface or the second interface isfurther configured to output an updated set of encoded packets based onthe plurality of feedback messages. 120-121. (canceled)
 122. The methodof claim 119, further comprising a processing system configured to:determine, based on the plurality of feedback messages, a group ofdecoded packets; and generate the updated set of encoded packets basedon a difference between a packet pool used to generate the set ofencoded packets and the group of decoded packets. 123-284. (canceled)